CTRL_DAT

CTRL_DAT, a limited series of 5 phygital artworks, explores time as a key factor in generative art. Each piece generates a unique composition every minute over a one-year loop, resulting in a total of 525,600 compositions (365 days × 24 hours × 60 minutes).

A mechanical flip-digits display, a pre-coded custom board (with a built-in unique ID to assure a different set of results), a black steel case, 20cm × 20cm × 7cm, 2022

CTRL_DAT is a part of the "Phygital" exhibition run by Kate Vass Galerie from Zurich, Switzerland. If you are interested in purchasing one, contact Kate Vass Galerie.

recorded at 60x speed

Digital – the generative system

One of the key principles in my generative work is the exploration of randomness and noise. Most pieces begin with random impulses, which are then reinterpreted through a pre-coded set of rules to produce new, surprising results with each run of the program. I aim to create the impression of a living entity by logically controlling chaotic signals, with random numbers serving as the seeds that make the work feel alive and organic.

In CTRL_DAT, my goal was to incorporate date and time into the creative process. I wanted to explore controlling the results over an extended period, achieving outcomes that are both surprising and predictable. I designed and coded a year-long sequence of unique results that change every minute.

I first picked seventy 7-segment shapes:

...and then generated all symmetrical A/B patterns of a 7×3 grid (there are 127 of them).

CTRL_DAT – patterns

Using a pair of shapes (but not identical ones) gave me over 600 000 possible combinations. The challenge was to arrange them in such a way that they didn’t repeat. My initial idea was to store all previously shown compositions and simply avoid repeats, but I encountered a limitation: the controller's memory capacity (32KB). To minimize memory usage, I decided to divide all possible A×B×C combinations (70×70×128) into sectors of 10×10×16, allowing me to cover the number of minutes in a day (1440) for 392 days.

I needed a separate path generator for the 3D array of 10×10×16 that followed specific rules: it had to cover all points, and each step could only move in one direction. The generated path became the unique key I was looking for, distinctive for each sculpture. This means that each sculpture repeats its own daily path, but each day uses a different set of shapes and patterns. Additionally, the order of shapes and patterns shuffles every time the power is reconnected.

The sculpture can display the timestamp in two ways: as the time elapsed since the start, or as the current time. The bottom row of the display shows the time in DDDHHMM format (DDD represents the day of the year). You can switch between modes by pressing the button on the back. Holding the button allows you to restart the timer or update the time. A full instruction manual is printed, signed, and attached to the sculpture.

CTRL_DAT – instruction paper

Physical – the medium

I’ve long been fascinated by the analog presentation of digital work. Programming a physical object feels more expressive and natural to me. It exists as a tangible, self-contained piece with its own structure and essence. For me, understanding the medium is just as important as the coding itself.

The CTRL_DAT sculpture consists of a screen, a custom board, and a steel case.

The screen is a mechanical flip-digit display produced by AlfaZeta, made up of 7-segment digits in a 7×4 grid. These screens are commonly used for informational purposes, such as at airports or train stations, due to their excellent visibility in strong light and low power consumption (energy is only required to change the state).

The sound is generated by the moving mechanical parts.

The custom PCB board, designed and assembled by Jakub Kirklewski, is the heart of the project, running the operating algorithm. The board includes a microcontroller (an Arduino Nano in this case), a power converter (24V to 5V), an RS485 signal converter, and an RTC module (real-time clock). The size and the shape of the board were specifically designed to fit the back of the display.

CTRL_DAT – custom PCB board by Jakub Kirklewski (project) CTRL_DAT – custom PCB board by Jakub Kirklewski CTRL_DAT – custom PCB board by Jakub Kirklewski

The solid case is a custom project, handcrafted from black steel and coated with black powder. It was built by Fundacja Cumy (Blanka Byrwa and Paweł Gałązka). The case features a central input for a power plug and a switch button.

CTRL_DAT – custom steel case production CTRL_DAT – custom steel case production CTRL_DAT – custom steel case production

How to get one

If you’re interested in getting one of the CTRL_DAT artworks, please contact Kate Vass Galerie or visit the collection page on Foundation.

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